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focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a cause of nephrotic syndrome in children and adolescents, as well as an leading cause of kidney failure in adults. It is also known as "focal glomerular sclerosis" or "focal nodular glomerulosclerosis." It accounts for about a sixth of the cases of nephrotic syndrome.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Renal Pathology )〕 (Minimal change disease (MCD) is by far the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children: MCD and primary FSGS may have a similar cause.〔)
==Appearance==
The individual components of the name refer to the appearance of the kidney tissue on biopsy: ''focal''—only some of the glomeruli are involved (as opposed to diffuse), ''segmental''—only part of each glomerulus is involved (as opposed to global),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Focal_segmental_glomerulosclerosis of the Kidney )〕 ''glomerulosclerosis''—refers to scarring of the glomerulus (a part of the nephron (the functional unit of the kidney)). The glomerulosclerosis is usually indicated by heavy PAS staining and findings of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and C3-convertase (C3) in the sclerotic segment.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Focal_segmental_glomerulosclerosis of the Kidney )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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